Reading with Charnock--Belief in the Existence of God is Natural and Innate--Section One
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Today we will be discussing Charnock's third reason for the folly of atheism as shown in the universal consent to a Supreme Creator. His first being that this consent is universal. Secondly, we saw that this consent has been constant and uninterrupted. Today we will see his third that it is "natural and innate". Even though some men claim it not to be natural we can see clearly that it is "so natural that every man is born with a restless instinct to be some kind of religion or other". In fact, "wherever you find human nature, you find this settled persuasion". And we can see in all mankind that there is a law of nature which directs them. And certainly if there be a law of nature there must be a Lawgiver. We cannot entertain the thought that man is the creator of this law. Because as Charnock says, "no man would endure a thing that [does] frequently molest and disquiet him, if he could [reject] it." But does it have to be said to be natural? Can we not say that this notion of a god is not natural but merely a tradition passed down through the ages? Can we not say that it is something put in place by leaders to keep the people in check? Can we not say that it is simply a residing fear in people? These three questions Charnock will begin to answer to prove that it is indeed natural. The first (p37-38) we will address today; that it is not by mere tradition.
Charnock begins by noting that this argument will lead us to ad infinitum. You must trace it back to the first ancestor and ask "where did he get it"? "It cannot be supposed, that the first man should acquaint his posterity with an object of worship, and leave them ignorant of a mode of worship and of the end of worship". In other words why would the first persons have transmitted that there is a God but left out all the details? If he did do this then where and why did questions start to arise? Why did men decide to keep the notion of a god but forget the mode and end of worship? Why make it so general? Or again take the Native Americans who at the time of Charnock could not trace their beginnings. How can we say that they had their belief in a Supreme Creator given to them by tradition. What tradition?!?!? As Charnock says, "No reason can be rendered for the security of [the above questions], but that there is so clear a [trace] of a Deity upon the minds of men, such traces and shadows of him in the creatures, such indelible instincts within and invincible arguments without to keep up this universal consent."
We must acknowledge that the reason these traces of a god are here is because they are there by nature and not by tradition.
But suppose for a moment we could say it is due to tradition. Then we must also ask the question, "was it likely to be a mere intention and figment of the first man". Even if he did pass it down would he not have done so because God Himself required it? Why else would he make it up? How could we expect him to be so advanced and intelligent?
Charnock's arguments are solid in this section. It actually begs a question...if this belief in a god is so natural why do you think that men suppress it? We could make the question even more biblical. Why do people suppress the belief in God as He has revealed Himself? We could even make it more personal. Why do I suppress what God has revealed in my own life? Why do I run from the revealed God?
4 comments
Comment by Garrett on November 7, 2007 at 11:53 AM
Hey Mike,
Long time no see! I seem to remember that you and I were supposed to get together for dinner before I left town three years ago :) You and your wife need to make a visit to Kirksville sometime, or my wife and I need to make one to Hannibal... Anyway, just wanted to say "hi"; I really appreciate the things you are posting on here.
Keep pressing on!
Your brother,
gh
Comment by nunnkind on November 8, 2007 at 8:48 AM
While I like Charnock's arguments overall (through your paraphrasing), I must give a slight critique. I don't think these arguments would be convincing to 21st century Americans. His argument that the notion of a god has always been evident among humankind seems to be easily defeatable; one might counterargue that there was some people in a small area that believed in themselves (like Chinese Communism, perhaps), without a god. If this were the case, they might argue that such a village disproves Charnock's argument, and just makes it a majority, not universal belief. I'm not sure that this would be very devastating to Charnock's argument, though; maybe if we re-cast his argument as "a majority of humankind seem to have believed in the supernatural, sometimes in isolation from other cultures (can we prove this second point, though? If we could, that would make the argument stronger), and thus it seems likely that the divine exists."
Grace and peace, all,
WN
Comment by Mike Leake on November 8, 2007 at 10:37 AM
Will, I couldn't agree further. I have been a little disappointed in Charnock's argumentation thus far. Although there are some solid arguments. His arguments might have been stronger in the 17th century but in the 21st century we have more knowledge of these little villages. Because Charnock uses such "big" words as "universal", "always", "everywhere" it makes his argument easier to disprove. I like the way you worded it a little better. And I think overall Charnock is trying to get to that point. Thanks for your interaction.
Comment by Garrett on November 8, 2007 at 1:23 PM
Will and Mike,
This is always the problem with so-called "evidential" apologetics, which seeks to "prove" the existence of God by means of a probability construct. The reality, according to Romans 1, is that ALL men are without excuse because they KNOW that the God of the Bible is really there at some level of their consciousness, whether they will admit it or not. This is the foundation for a truly Biblical apologetic. Far from reasoning up to God by means of a probability construct, the Bible simply starts with God. I would say that we should do the same...
For a more thorough explanation and defense of this position, see Robert Reymond's A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith. Also, here is an article that may be of some help:
http://www.grovergunn.net/andrew/apolo00.htm
gh